Built-up extent and heat, 1975–2025

One square is 190,000 people, placed on the cells where those people live, so each city takes the shape of its own built-up area. Each square is coloured by mean daily maximum temperature at that spot, so the hot core and the cooler edges show separately.

1975

Year by year, 1975–2025

each of the 20 cities 20-city mean
Table view — decade means per city